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Related Experiment Video

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On modeling.

Dmitry S Novikov1, Valerij G Kiselev2, Sune N Jespersen3,4

  • 1Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|March 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microstructural mapping using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows promise for noninvasive cellular-level tissue analysis. However, slow clinical translation suggests fundamental research is needed to identify key factors influencing MRI signals for widespread application.

Keywords:
functional formmicrostructuremodelrepresentationvalidation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a noninvasive method to study tissue microstructure at the cellular level.
  • The field of microstructural mapping, originating from diffusion NMR, has seen significant growth in research publications and the integration of model-based approaches.
  • Despite substantial investment and advancements, microstructural mapping has not yet achieved a widely accepted clinical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify fundamental challenges hindering the clinical translation of microstructural mapping.
  • To review strategies for developing and validating tissue microstructure models.
  • To stimulate discussion on bridging the gap between scientific advancements and clinical reality in MRI-based microstructural analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on microstructural mapping and model-based MRI techniques.
  • Identification and discussion of fundamental problems and practical pitfalls in the field.
  • Analysis of strategies for model development and validation in tissue microstructure research.

Main Results:

  • The lack of a single, commonly accepted clinical application for microstructural mapping may stem from unresolved fundamental issues.
  • Existing approaches may not sufficiently address the degrees of freedom that influence the measured MR signal.
  • A systematic focus on fundamental research is crucial for advancing the field.

Conclusions:

  • Recalibrating research efforts toward fundamental science is essential for the successful clinical translation of microstructural mapping.
  • Identifying the key factors affecting MR signals will unlock the revolutionary potential of noninvasive 3D in vivo microstructural mapping.
  • Addressing foundational challenges is critical for realizing the clinical utility of advanced MRI techniques.