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Published on: June 9, 2023
Thickened infant formula: What to know
Silvia Salvatore1, Francesco Savino2, Maartje Singendonk3
1Clinical Pediatrica di Varese, Universita dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy.
Insights
Thickened formulas effectively reduce infant regurgitation and may improve reflux symptoms. Commercial thickened formulas offer better viscosity and nutritional balance than standard formulas with added thickeners.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Gastroenterology
- Nutrition
Background:
- Infant regurgitation is a common concern for healthcare providers.
- Management strategies for infant regurgitation often involve dietary modifications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the characteristics of thickened formulas for managing infant regurgitation.
- To provide an overview of thickening agents and their efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of PubMed and Cochrane databases up to December 2016.
- Focused on indications, properties, and efficacy of thickened formulas and agents.
Main Results:
- Thickened formulas reduce regurgitation and may improve reflux symptoms and weight gain.
- Commercial thickened formulas demonstrate superior viscosity, digestibility, and nutritional balance.
- Rice starch, corn starch, carob bean gum, and soy polysaccharides are common thickening agents; hydrolyzed formulas show added benefit.
Conclusions:
- Thickened formulas are indicated for formula-fed infants with persistent regurgitation.
- These formulas reduce the frequency and severity of regurgitation.
Objectives:
This study aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics of thickened formulas to aid health care providers manage infants with regurgitations.
Methods:
The indications, properties, and efficacy of different thickening agents and thickened formulas on regurgitation and gastroesophageal reflux in infants were reviewed. PubMed and the Cochrane database were searched up to December 2016.
Results:
Based on the literature review, thickened formulas reduce regurgitation, may improve reflux-associated symptoms, and increase weight gain. However, clinical efficacy is related to the characteristics of the formula and of the infant. Commercial thickened formulas are preferred over the supplementation of standard formulas with thickener because of the better viscosity, digestibility, and nutritional balance. Rice and corn starch, carob bean gum, and soy bean polysaccharides are available as thickening agents. Hydrolyzed formulas have recently shown promising additional benefit.
Conclusions:
Thickened formulas reduce the frequency and severity of regurgitation and are indicated in formula-fed infants with persisting symptoms despite reassurance and appropriate feeding volume intake.
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