Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hazard Rate01:11

Hazard Rate

443
The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
443
Hazard Ratio01:12

Hazard Ratio

629
The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
For example, in a clinical trial...
629
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs02:26

Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs

18.8K
Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
18.8K
Comparative Excretory Systems02:24

Comparative Excretory Systems

26.7K
Animals have evolved different strategies for excretion, the removal of waste from the body. Most waste must be dissolved in water to be excreted, so an animal’s excretory strategy directly affects its water balance.
26.7K
Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test01:09

Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test

6.1K
The t-test is a statistical method used to compare the sample mean with a population mean or compare two means from two data sets. The test statistic is calculated from the standard deviation, mean, and number of measurements in the data set at a selected confidence interval and then compared to a table of critical values at this confidence level. If the test statistic is smaller than the critical value, the null hypothesis is accepted. In this case, we state that the difference between the...
6.1K
Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups01:20

Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups

618
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
618

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Data-driven insights into the performance of scalable magnetic clay-based composites for pollutant removal.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Current knowledge for implementing safe and sustainable by design across the life cycle of nanosilver textiles.

Discover sustainability·2025
Same author

The fruits of data shepherding: A collection of open FAIR datasets for titanium dioxide coated photocatalytic surfaces.

NanoImpact·2025
Same author

Proton-coupled electron transfer in hallachrome, a natural 1,2 anthraquinone: Linking electrochemical properties to biological activity.

Analytical biochemistry·2025
Same author

Nano-engineering of a thermoplastic compound with CuO nanoparticles for the development of safe antimicrobial and anti-biofouling fish cage nets.

RSC advances·2025
Same author

From literature to predictive modeling: Insights and machine learning applications from in vitro comet assays related to the genotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanomaterials.

NanoImpact·2025
Same journal

RETRACTED: Kim et al. The Angiogenesis Inhibitor ALS-L1023 from Lemon-Balm Leaves Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Through Regulating the Visceral Adipose-Tissue Function. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2017, <i>18</i>, 846.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Mahmud et al. Thymoquinone Attenuates NF-κβ Signalling Activation in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells Under AMD-Mimicking Conditions. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2025, <i>26</i>, 11473.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Borovikov et al. The Twisting and Untwisting of Actin and Tropomyosin Filaments Are Involved in the Molecular Mechanisms of Muscle Contraction, and Their Disruption Can Result in Muscle Disorders. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci</i>. 2025, <i>26</i>, 6705.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Molagoda et al. Flavonoid Glycosides from <i>Ziziphus jujuba</i> var. <i>inermis</i> (Bunge) Rehder Seeds Inhibit α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone-Mediated Melanogenesis. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2021, <i>22</i>, 7701.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Guo et al. Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Maize Roots Under Lead Stress. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2024, <i>25</i>, 6050.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same journal

Correction: Chang et al. Improvement of Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Hepatic Failure by Transplantation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Without Reprogramming Factor c-Myc. <i>Int. J. Mol. Sci.</i> 2012, <i>13</i>, 3598-3617.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Biofunctionalization of Magnetic Nanomaterials
06:40

Biofunctionalization of Magnetic Nanomaterials

Published on: July 16, 2020

3.0K

Hazard Screening Methods for Nanomaterials: A Comparative Study.

Barry Sheehan1, Finbarr Murphy2, Martin Mullins3

  • 1Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Limerick, V94PH93 Limerick, Ireland. barry.sheehan@ul.ie.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative hazard assessment for nanomaterials (NM) is crucial. This study compares Bayesian networks (BN) and weight of evidence (WoE) methods, finding both effective. A combined approach offers optimal risk assessment for manufactured nanomaterials.

Keywords:
Bayesian networkhazard assessmenthuman health hazard screeningmulti-criteria decision analysisnanomaterialsweight of evidence

More Related Videos

The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups
14:14

The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups

Published on: May 13, 2022

6.4K
Dispersion of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media: Towards Protocol Optimization
09:35

Dispersion of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media: Towards Protocol Optimization

Published on: December 25, 2017

29.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Biofunctionalization of Magnetic Nanomaterials
06:40

Biofunctionalization of Magnetic Nanomaterials

Published on: July 16, 2020

3.0K
The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups
14:14

The Innovation Arena: A Method for Comparing Innovative Problem-Solving Across Groups

Published on: May 13, 2022

6.4K
Dispersion of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media: Towards Protocol Optimization
09:35

Dispersion of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media: Towards Protocol Optimization

Published on: December 25, 2017

29.3K

Area of Science:

  • Nanomaterial safety
  • Risk assessment methodologies
  • Quantitative hazard identification

Background:

  • Manufactured nanomaterials (NM) commercialization outpaces risk management development.
  • Quantitative methods like Bayesian networks (BN) and weight of evidence (WoE) are emerging.
  • Effective hazard identification is critical for NM risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of quantitative WoE and BN methodologies.
  • To rank the potential hazard of metal and metal-oxide NMs (TiO₂, Ag, ZnO).
  • To determine the optimal hazard assessment framework for nanomaterials.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative study of quantitative WoE and BN approaches.
  • Utilized physico-chemical, toxicological, and study type data for hazard inference.
  • Investigated model stability and self-learning capabilities with new data.

Main Results:

  • Hazard ranking was consistent between BN and WoE models.
  • Both models effectively utilized diverse data types to infer hazard potential.
  • BN showed greater stability with new data but assumes equal data validity.

Conclusions:

  • A combination of WoE for data ranking and BN for hazard assessment provides an optimal framework.
  • This integrated approach enhances the reliability of nanomaterial risk assessment.
  • Further development is needed to refine NM risk management mechanisms.