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Related Concept Videos

The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
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Infracentimetric parathyroid cysts in hyperparathyroidemia.

Adriana Handra-Luca1, Frederique Tissier2

  • 1Service d'Anatomie pathologique, APHP GHU Avicenne, Universite Paris Nord Sorbonne Cite, 125 rue Stalingrad, 93009 Bobigny, France.

Pathology, Research and Practice
|March 3, 2018
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Summary

Parathyroid cysts, though rare, can occur within adenomas causing hyperparathyroidism. Immunohistochemistry revealed heterogeneous protein expression, suggesting complex cellular interactions in cyst formation.

Keywords:
AdenomaAzzopardi phenomenonCystHypercalcemiaHyperparathyroidismMacrophageParathyroidParathyroiditisVascular malformationhyperplasia

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Parathyroid cysts are uncommon endocrine findings, often associated with functional parathyroid tissue.
  • Hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia are common indications for parathyroidectomy.

Observation:

  • Two cases of small parathyroid cysts within parathyroid adenomas were identified during resection for hyperparathyroidism.
  • Immunohistochemical analysis showed heterogeneous expression of Chromogranin and E-cadherin/uvomorulin in cyst linings and parathyroid cells.
  • Specific markers like CD10, CD56, CD31, CD68, and Ki67 exhibited varied expression patterns on parathyroid cells and associated immune cells.

Findings:

  • Heterogeneous E-cadherin expression may indirectly relate to parathyroid cystogenesis.
  • CD10 and CD56 expression on parathyroid cells did not appear directly correlated with cyst formation.
  • The presence of monocyte/macrophage-type cells and nuclear abnormalities in parathyroiditis warrants further investigation.

Implications:

  • Understanding the cellular markers and their expression patterns can provide insights into the pathogenesis of parathyroid cysts.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the role of immune cell infiltration and nuclear changes in parathyroiditis associated with parathyroid lesions.
  • This study contributes to the histopathological characterization of rare parathyroid cystic lesions within adenomas.