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It could have been much worse: The Minnesota measles outbreak of 2017
Timothy F Leslie1, Paul L Delamater2, Y Tony Yang3
1Department of Geography and Geoinformation Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
Abstract:
In 2017, Minnesota battled its largest measles outbreak in nearly 30 years, with 79 cases, most of them Somali-American children. In this study, we gathered vaccination and enrollment data for incoming kindergarteners in Minnesota over fall 2012-2016 from the Minnesota Department of Health. We also gathered the number of measles cases by county in 2017. We found that MMR coverage has substantial variation across districts and district types. The minimum MMR coverage is 58.3% and the maximum is 100%. Private schools, which represent approximately six percent of Minnesota's kindergarten enrollment, have a substantially lower coverage rate, with an overall coverage of 83.00%. The 2017 outbreak was relatively isolated. However, the MMR coverage data suggests that other communities could have been at risk given their geographic proximity to the outbreak and modest coverage rates.
Insights
Minnesota
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Immunization Practices
Background:
- The 2017 Minnesota measles outbreak, primarily affecting Somali-American children, highlighted vulnerabilities in community immunity.
- Understanding vaccination coverage is crucial for preventing infectious disease outbreaks.
Observation:
- Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine coverage among Minnesota kindergarteners (2012-2016) varied significantly by school district.
- Private schools exhibited notably lower MMR coverage (83.00%) compared to public schools.
Findings:
- MMR coverage ranged from 58.3% to 100% across Minnesota districts.
- Geographic proximity and modest coverage rates in some areas posed potential risks for future outbreaks.
Implications:
- Heterogeneous MMR coverage necessitates targeted public health interventions to bolster community immunity.
- Addressing disparities in vaccination rates, particularly in private schools, is essential for outbreak prevention.
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