Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Bedside Ultrasound for Guiding Fluid Removal in Patients with Pulmonary Edema: The Reverse-FALLS Protocol
Published on: July 28, 2018
Sudden onset of severe pulmonary edema after emergency cesarean section
Yuichiro Shimoyama1, Toshiyuki Sawai1, Osamu Umegaki1
1Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686 Japan.
Mitral valve stenosis (MS) associated with rheumatic disease no longer represents a major heart problem during the perinatal period in Japan. Here we present a case of acute heart failure due to MS after emergency cesarean section (CS). The patient was transferred due to the development of fetal distress at 36 weeks gestation and underwent an emergency CS under general anesthesia. She developed acute heart failure immediately postoperatively and was diagnosed with MS associated with pulmonary artery hypertension for the first time. She underwent percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy and was discharged from our hospital in good condition.
Mitral valve stenosis (MS) associated with rheumatic disease no longer represents a major heart problem during the perinatal period in Japan. Here we present a case of acute heart failure due to MS after emergency cesarean section (CS). The patient was transferred due to the development of fetal distress at 36 weeks gestation and underwent an emergency CS under general anesthesia. She developed acute heart failure immediately postoperatively and was diagnosed with MS associated with pulmonary artery hypertension for the first time. She underwent percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy and was discharged from our hospital in good condition.
Related Concept Videos
Emerging Adulthood
Introduction Cardiac Emergencies
Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...

