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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Author Spotlight: Optimized Transformation Protocol for Chlorella vulgaris Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Published on: October 27, 2023
Enhancing cadmium bioremediation by a complex of water-hyacinth derived pellets immobilized with Chlorella sp
Ying Shen1, Wenzhe Zhu2, Huan Li2
1College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China.
Abstract:
A complex of water-hyacinth derived pellets immobilized with Chlorella sp. was applied, for the first time, in the bioremediation of Cadmium (Cd). The Cd(II) removal efficiency of the complex was optimized by investigating several parameters, including the pellet materials, algal culture age, and light intensity. Results showed that the Cd(II) removal efficiency was positively related to the algal immobilization efficiency and the algal bioaccumulation capacity. Since higher surface hydrophilicity leads to higher immobilization efficiency, the water-hyacinth leaf biochar pellet (WLBp) was selected as the optimal carrier. A maximum Cd(II) removal efficiency of 92.45% was obtained by the complex of WLBp immobilized with algal cells in stationary growth phase and illuminated with a light intensity of 119 μmol m-2 s-1. Recovery tests on both microalgal cells and the WLBp demonstrated that the algal cells and the biochar pellet can be economically recycled and reused.
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