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Related Concept Videos

The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

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The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
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Blood Typing01:10

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Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
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Blood Types02:20

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Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
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The mode is one of the commonly used measures of a central tendency. It is defined as the most frequent value in a data set.
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Sensitive typing of reverse ABO blood groups with a waveguide-mode sensor.

Shigeyuki Uno1, Torahiko Tanaka1, Hiroki Ashiba2

  • 1Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan.

Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
|March 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Portable waveguide-mode (WM) sensors show promise for on-site reverse ABO blood typing. This advancement could improve emergency blood transfusion capabilities.

Keywords:
HemagglutinationHorseradish peroxidaseReverse ABO blood typingSynthetic oligosaccharideWaveguide-mode sensor

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Clinical Diagnostics
  • Point-of-Care Testing

Background:

  • Portable, on-site blood typing is crucial for emergency transfusions during natural disasters.
  • Previous work developed waveguide-mode (WM) sensors for forward ABO/Rh(D) typing and viral antibody detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a WM-sensor for reverse ABO blood typing.
  • To assess the sensor's performance using synthetic oligosaccharide antigens and hemagglutination methods.

Main Methods:

  • Fixing synthetic type A or type B trisaccharide antigens on WM sensor chips.
  • Analyzing reflectance spectra changes with different plasma types (A, B, O, AB).
  • Comparing oligosaccharide antigen detection with hemagglutination using reagent red blood cells (RBCs).

Main Results:

  • Significant spectral changes observed with type A/B antigens and specific plasma types (B, O, A).
  • No spectral changes detected with type AB plasma.
  • Hemagglutination method demonstrated higher sensitivity for reverse ABO blood grouping than oligosaccharide antigens.

Conclusions:

  • WM sensors can be adapted for reverse ABO blood typing.
  • Combining forward and reverse ABO typing with antibody detection enhances portable device utility for emergency settings.