Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons
10:03

Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons

Published on: August 16, 2020

11.4K

PARP14 Controls the Nuclear Accumulation of a Subset of Type I IFN-Inducible Proteins

Greta Caprara1, Elena Prosperini2, Viviana Piccolo2

  • 1Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy; greta.caprara@ieo.it gioacchino.natoli@hunimed.eu.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|March 4, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 14 (PARP14) is induced by inflammation and aids nuclear accumulation of interferon-stimulated genes. PARP14 is crucial for antiviral responses and controlling bacterial infection in macrophages.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) superfamily enzymes regulate critical cellular processes.
  • Their precise roles in physiological and disease states remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of PARP14 in macrophage activation and antimicrobial responses.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying PARP14 function in inflammatory contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Murine macrophage activation with endotoxin.
  • Quantitative mass spectrometry to identify PARP14 interacting proteins.
  • Gene silencing (depletion) to assess functional requirements.
  • Analysis of antiviral gene transcription and bacterial proliferation.

Main Results:

  • PARP14 transcription is dynamically regulated during macrophage activation.
  • PARP14 is induced by inflammatory stimuli, translocates to the nucleus, and binds interferon-stimulated gene (ISG)-encoded proteins.
  • PARP14 is essential for the nuclear accumulation of specific ISG proteins.
  • PARP14 depletion impairs the transcription of primary antiviral genes (e.g., Ifnb1) and reduces IFN-β production.
  • PARP14 deficiency leads to increased Salmonella typhimurium proliferation in macrophages.

Conclusions:

  • PARP14 plays a significant role in regulating innate immune responses, particularly antiviral defense.
  • PARP14 facilitates nuclear functions of a subset of ISG-encoded proteins.
  • PARP14 is a key regulator in controlling microbial infections within macrophages.

More Related Videos

Isolation of CA1 Nuclear Enriched Fractions from Hippocampal Slices to Study Activity-dependent Nuclear Import of Synapto-nuclear Messenger Proteins10:03

Isolation of CA1 Nuclear Enriched Fractions from Hippocampal Slices to Study Activity-dependent Nuclear Import of Synapto-nuclear Messenger Proteins

Published on: August 10, 2014

12.5K
Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions09:17

Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions

Published on: August 2, 2018

18.8K

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers...
1.0K
Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
6.4K
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
475
Nuclear Power02:36

Nuclear Power

Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
9.5K
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
3.4K
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
8.8K