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Identification of genomic differences among peripheral arterial beds in atherosclerotic and healthy arteries

Marja Steenman1, Olivier Espitia2,3, Blandine Maurel2,4

  • 1l'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France.

Scientific Reports
|March 4, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular risk factors minimally impact calcification type, which varies by artery. Arterial molecular differences, like immune genes in carotids and bone genes in femorals, explain this heterogeneity in atherosclerosis.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular biology
  • Molecular pathology
  • Cardiovascular research

Background:

  • Calcification in atherosclerosis is linked to cardiovascular events.
  • Calcification burden and characteristics vary across different arterial beds.
  • Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) influence plaque development differently depending on the artery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how CVRF affect atherosclerotic plaque calcification.
  • To explore the molecular basis of arterial heterogeneity in calcification.
  • To understand differences in plaque calcification between carotid, femoral, and infrapopliteal arteries.

Main Methods:

  • Histological analysis of atherosclerotic plaques from 153 carotid, 97 femoral, and 28 infrapopliteal arteries.
  • Assessment of cardiovascular risk factors' association with calcification presence and type.
  • Transcriptome analysis of healthy and atherosclerotic arteries from different vascular beds.
  • Canonical pathway analysis to identify enriched molecular processes.

Main Results:

  • CVRF showed minor associations with calcification; age and hypertension only affected overall calcification presence, not type.
  • Calcification type significantly differed between arterial beds.
  • Distinct gene expression profiles were identified in carotid, femoral, and infrapopliteal arteries.
  • Carotid arteries showed enrichment of immune system-related pathways, while femoral arteries showed enrichment of bone development-related genes.

Conclusions:

  • Arteries from different peripheral vascular beds exhibit significant molecular heterogeneity.
  • This heterogeneity contributes to variations in atherosclerotic plaque calcification.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for comprehending atherosclerosis development and evolution.

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