Laboratory animal allergy reduction from 2001 to 2016: An intervention study

Area of Science:

• Occupational Health
• Allergology
• Immunology

Background:

• Laboratory animal (LA) exposure can lead to allergic sensitization and symptoms like asthma and dermatitis.
• A preventive program was established in 2000 at Trieste Universities to mitigate LA allergy among personnel.
• Investigating LA allergy trends and the impact of the preventive program from 2001 to 2016 is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the prevalence of LA allergy in exposed workers.
• To assess the effectiveness of a long-term preventive program in reducing LA allergy.
• To identify factors associated with LA allergy in an occupational setting.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 467 individuals underwent pre-employment screening, including medical exams, allergy questionnaires, skin prick tests, and spirometry.
• Annual follow-up assessments included repeat medical examinations and tests.
• Logistic multivariate analysis and generalized estimating equations were employed to analyze data.

Main Results:

• Sensitization to LA decreased significantly over time, from 25.6% (2001-2004) to 8.2% (2013-2016).
• Atopy (OR=6) and common allergic symptoms (OR=2.9) were confirmed risk factors for LA allergy.
• No association was found between LA allergy and years or hours of exposure.

Conclusions:

• The implemented preventive program led to a significant reduction in laboratory animal allergy.
• Early screening and ongoing monitoring are vital for managing occupational allergies in animal research settings.
• The findings underscore the importance of proactive occupational health strategies in preventing work-related allergies.