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Otological burdens of Nigerian children with sickle cell disease

Oyebanji Anthony Olajuyin1, Oladele Simeon Olatunya2, Atilade Waheed Adegbiji1

  • 1Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado- Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|March 5, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) experience significantly more ear diseases, including hearing loss, than their non-SCD peers. This highlights the need for specialized otolaryngological care for SCD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Otolaryngology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder causing episodic illnesses and multi-systemic complications.
  • Otolaryngological (ear, nose, and throat) issues are recognized complications of SCD.
  • Data on otological disease burden in Nigerian children with SCD is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and compare the prevalence of otological diseases in children with SCD versus non-SCD children.
  • To investigate the hypothesis that children with SCD have a higher burden of ear diseases.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted.
  • Participants included children with SCD and age-matched non-SCD controls.
  • Otologic diseases were assessed in both groups at a tertiary institution.

Main Results:

  • Children with SCD had a significantly higher prevalence of otological diseases (47.62%) compared to non-SCD children (22.02%).
  • Specific conditions like Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) and otosclerosis were more common in the SCD group.
  • Neither hemoglobin concentration nor HbF levels correlated with SNHL in SCD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Otological diseases are more prevalent in children with SCD.
  • The findings underscore the need for targeted prevention of suppurative otitis media (SOM) in SCD children.
  • Specialized otolaryngological care is recommended for children with SCD.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenNigeriaOtologic burdensSickle cell disease

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