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Cutaneous hypersensitivity to vitamin K1 injection.

H Finkelstein, M C Champion, J E Adam

    Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
    |March 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Vitamin K1 injections can cause persistent skin hypersensitivity reactions. This immune-based reaction, particularly in patients with liver disease, may indicate underlying health issues.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Hepatology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Cutaneous hypersensitivity to vitamin K1 injections is rare, with most cases linked to alcoholic liver disease.
    • Previous reports are primarily from European literature, with only one case documented in North America.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report new cases of persistent skin hypersensitivity to vitamin K1 injections.
    • To investigate the immune basis and specific triggers of this reaction.
    • To explore the association between vitamin K1 hypersensitivity and various liver diseases.

    Main Methods:

    • Case series reporting six patients with persistent skin reactions post-vitamin K1 injection.
    • Patch and intradermal skin testing to assess hypersensitivity.
    • Analysis of patient histories including underlying liver conditions.

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    Main Results:

    • Six new cases of persistent cutaneous hypersensitivity to vitamin K1 injection were identified.
    • These reactions occurred in patients with diverse liver conditions including primary biliary cirrhosis, chronic myeloid leukemia, amyloidosis, and preeclampsia.
    • Skin tests confirmed an immune-mediated hypersensitivity specifically to fat-soluble vitamin K1.

    Conclusions:

    • Patients with any form of liver disease may be susceptible to vitamin K1 hypersensitivity.
    • Vitamin K1 hypersensitivity could serve as a potential marker for underlying liver disease.
    • The hypersensitivity appears to be immune-based and specific to the fat-soluble form of vitamin K1.