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Related Concept Videos

Anatomical Movements00:51

Anatomical Movements

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Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist,...
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Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

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Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
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The force applied by fluids against a surface, known as hydrostatic pressure, initiates the transfer of fluid among different compartments. Within our blood vessels, the blood's hydrostatic pressure is a result of the heart's pumping action. At the arteriolar end of capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (capillary blood pressure) exceeds the opposing colloid osmotic pressure created primarily by plasma proteins like albumin. This discrepancy in pressure propels plasma and nutrients from the...
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Movement joints in buildings are essential design elements that accommodate inevitable motions caused by various factors such as temperature changes, moisture content variations, and structural deflections. These motions, if not considered in design and construction, can lead to unsightly or dangerous damage. Movement joints are incorporated in different forms to manage these stresses and allow materials to move without causing distress.
The simplest type of movement joints, working joints, are...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)
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Pediatric movement disorders.

Rahul Badheka1, Narendra Kumar Barad1, Charulata Savant Sankhla1

  • 1Department of Neurology, P D Hinduja National Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Neurology India
|March 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric movement disorders, including tics, dystonia, and chorea, are common and often hyperkinetic. Diagnosis relies on recognizing the specific movement patterns in children.

Keywords:
Childrenhyperkinetichypokineticpediatric movement disordersreview

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Pediatric movement disorders are a diverse group of conditions frequently seen in outpatient settings.
  • Unlike adults, children often present with hyperkinetic (excessive movement) rather than hypokinetic (reduced movement) disorders.
  • The developing pediatric nervous system is particularly vulnerable to insults like hypoxia-ischemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the common types and characteristics of pediatric movement disorders.
  • To emphasize the differences in prevalence between pediatric and adult movement disorders.
  • To underscore the importance of movement pattern recognition for diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common pediatric movement disorders.
  • Comparison of pediatric and adult movement disorder prevalence.
  • Discussion of etiological factors and diagnostic clues.

Main Results:

  • Hyperkinetic movement disorders (tics, dystonia, chorea) are more prevalent in children than hypokinetic disorders.
  • Myoclonus is frequently linked to epilepsy syndromes in pediatric patients.
  • Etiology varies based on disorder progression and associated neurological symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of pediatric movement disorders hinges on precise identification of the presenting movement.
  • Understanding the unique vulnerabilities of the pediatric nervous system is crucial.
  • Differentiating pediatric from adult movement disorder patterns aids clinical management.