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Analysis of IL-1α, bFGF, TGF-β1, IFNγ, MMP-1, and CatD Expression in Multinuclea Macrophages In Vitro
D A Il'in1, S A Arkhipov2, V A Shkurupy3,2
1Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia. ilindenis.ilin@yandex.ru.
Abstract:
The incidence of mono- and multinuclear cells and their expression of pro- and antifibrotic factors were studied in cultured peritoneal macrophages from intact and BCG-infected mice. Generally, the expression of factors increased with an increase in the number of nuclei per cell. However, the expression was higher in macrophages from BCG infected mice, except the cells with 3 and more nuclei, extremely rarely expressing IL-1α in cultures from intact and BCG-infected animals. The number of macrophages with 3 and more nuclei, expressing CatD, was comparable with the number of mono- and binuclear macrophages. Presumably, this was determined by various mechanisms of formation of multinuclear (3-5 and more nuclei) macrophages, for example, by amitosis.
Insights
Multinuclear macrophages, especially from BCG-infected mice, show increased pro- and antifibrotic factor expression. However, IL-1α expression decreased in cells with three or more nuclei, suggesting complex regulatory mechanisms in macrophage differentiation.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Pathology
Background:
- Peritoneal macrophages play a crucial role in immune responses and tissue remodeling.
- Macrophage differentiation into multinuclear cells can be influenced by various stimuli, including infections.
- The expression of fibrotic factors by macrophages is implicated in fibrotic diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between the number of nuclei in peritoneal macrophages and their expression of pro- and antifibrotic factors.
- To compare factor expression in macrophages from intact versus BCG-infected mice.
- To explore potential mechanisms regulating multinuclear macrophage formation and function.
Main Methods:
- Primary cell culture of peritoneal macrophages from intact and BCG-infected mice.
- Quantification of mono- and multinuclear cells (2-5+ nuclei).
- Assessment of pro- and antifibrotic factor expression (e.g., IL-1α, CatD) via quantitative methods.
Main Results:
- Factor expression generally increased with the number of nuclei per macrophage.
- Macrophages from BCG-infected mice exhibited higher factor expression compared to intact mice.
- Macrophages with 3+ nuclei rarely expressed IL-1α but showed comparable CatD expression to mono- and binuclear cells.
- Amitosis is a potential mechanism for forming macrophages with 3-5+ nuclei.
Conclusions:
- Macrophage nuclearity and BCG infection status significantly influence the expression of key fibrotic factors.
- Multinuclear macrophage formation involves diverse mechanisms, impacting their functional phenotype.
- Findings suggest complex regulation of macrophage-mediated fibrosis, with implications for understanding inflammatory and fibrotic diseases.
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