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Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and pulmonary infection in children

Wei Li1, Xianfen Cheng, Linying Guo

  • 1Department of ICU, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics Department of Central Laboratory of Capital Institute of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital District, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.

Medicine
|March 6, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Low vitamin D levels (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D) are linked to severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Chinese children. Lower vitamin D may increase risks for mechanical ventilation and organ dysfunction, suggesting supplementation benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant pediatric health concern.
  • Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent globally and linked to various health outcomes.
  • The role of vitamin D in pediatric CAP requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and CAP in Chinese children.
  • To compare 25(OH)D levels between children with CAP and healthy controls.
  • To explore the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and CAP severity, including pneumonia-induced sepsis.

Main Methods:

  • An observational study involving 1582 Chinese children aged 3 days to 14 years.
  • Participants were categorized into CAP and control groups, with CAP further divided into pneumonia and pneumonia-induced sepsis subgroups.
  • Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured using micro whole blood chemiluminescence.

Main Results:

  • Children with CAP had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels compared to controls (P < .001).
  • Significant differences in 25(OH)D levels were observed between the pneumonia and pneumonia-induced sepsis groups (P < .001).
  • In the sepsis group, lower 25(OH)D levels correlated with increased need for mechanical ventilation and multiple organ dysfunction (P < .01).

Conclusions:

  • Lower serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with increased severity and poorer outcomes in pediatric CAP.
  • Vitamin D deficiency may heighten the risk of severe CAP complications, including sepsis, mechanical ventilation, and organ dysfunction.
  • Vitamin D supplementation may be a beneficial strategy for preventing and treating pediatric CAP.

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