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Vector Competence Analyses on Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes using Zika Virus
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Vector Competence Analyses on Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes using Zika Virus

Published on: May 31, 2020

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Altered vector competence in an experimental mosquito-mouse transmission model of Zika infection

Ryuta Uraki1, Andrew K Hastings1, Andrea Gloria-Soria2

  • 1Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.

Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases
|March 6, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Researchers developed a new Zika virus (ZIKV) mouse model using Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Different mosquito strains showed varying ZIKV transmission abilities, highlighting genetic factors in vector competency for Zika virus.

Area of Science:

  • Arthropod-borne virus transmission
  • Zika virus (ZIKV) pathogenesis
  • Mosquito vector biology

Background:

  • Limited animal models exist for studying arthropod-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) transmission.
  • Understanding mosquito vector competency is crucial for ZIKV control and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and characterize an Aedes aegypti mosquito model for ZIKV infection in mice.
  • To evaluate vector competency differences among distinct Aedes aegypti mosquito strains.
  • To investigate the genetic basis of ZIKV transmission by mosquitoes.

Main Methods:

  • Infection of mice with ZIKV and subsequent feeding by three Aedes aegypti strains (Orlando, Ho Chi Minh, Patilas).
  • Assessment of ZIKV acquisition and transmission by different mosquito strains.
  • Intrathoracic injection of ZIKV into mosquitoes to bypass midgut barriers.
  • Genetic analysis of mosquito strains to identify diversity.

Main Results:

  • All mosquito strains acquired ZIKV after feeding on infected mice.
  • ZIKV transmission to mice varied significantly by mosquito strain: Ho Chi Minh and Patilas showed transmission, while Orlando did not.
  • Intrathoracic ZIKV injection into mosquitoes overcame transmission defects in Orlando and Patilas strains.
  • Significant genetic diversity was observed among the mosquito strains.

Conclusions:

  • A novel Aedes aegypti mosquito-mouse model effectively demonstrates ZIKV transmission dynamics.
  • Mosquito strain-specific genetic factors influence ZIKV vector competency and transmission efficiency.
  • The intrathoracic injection model is valuable for studying ZIKV transmission, infectivity, and pathogenesis, and for evaluating vaccines and therapeutics.

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