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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Novel Mini-open Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Published on: June 6, 2025
Intervertebral Micro Access Surgery for Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Wilson Z Ray1, Ian G Dorward1, Robert L Masson2
1Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Background:
Minimally invasive spine surgery (MIS) has undergone tremendous progress in the past 2 decades. The intervertebral micro access surgery (iMAS) technique represents a hybrid of both open and minimally invasive techniques.
Objective:
To describe the surgical technique and operative nuances of the iMAS technique.
Methods:
We describe a novel operative approach for the standard transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with pedicle screw fixation. Described are the preoperative planning, incision and approach, pedicle screw insertion, facetectomy and discectomy, transforaminal interbody placement, and direct decompression.
Results:
Early experience suggests that iMAS is well suited for the same degenerative conditions currently treated with open or MIS transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, including grade I spondylolisthesis, unilateral synovial cysts with instability, unilateral disc herniations with instability, and recurrent disc herniations.
Conclusion:
The novel integration of both open and MIS techniques makes iMAS an attractive approach for select degenerative lumbar disease processes. Similar to other MIS procedures, minimal tissue disruption may allow for more rapid patient recovery, reduced blood loss, and reduced length of hospital stay.
Insights
The intervertebral micro access surgery (iMAS) technique combines open and minimally invasive spine surgery methods. This approach is effective for degenerative lumbar conditions, potentially leading to faster recovery.
Area of Science:
- Spine surgery innovations
- Minimally invasive surgical techniques
Background:
- Minimally invasive spine surgery (MIS) has advanced significantly over the last 20 years.
- The intervertebral micro access surgery (iMAS) technique merges traditional open and MIS approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To detail the surgical technique and operative considerations of the iMAS approach.
- To present a novel operative method for lumbar fusion.
Main Methods:
- Describes a novel approach for transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with pedicle screw fixation.
- Details preoperative planning, surgical incision and approach, pedicle screw placement, facetectomy, discectomy, interbody device insertion, and direct decompression.
Main Results:
- iMAS is suitable for degenerative conditions like grade I spondylolisthesis, synovial cysts, disc herniations, and recurrent disc herniations.
- Early results indicate iMAS addresses conditions typically treated with open or MIS transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.
Conclusions:
- The iMAS technique offers an attractive option for specific degenerative lumbar diseases by integrating open and MIS principles.
- Potential benefits include reduced tissue disruption, faster patient recovery, decreased blood loss, and shorter hospital stays, similar to other MIS procedures.
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