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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
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Recurrent tuberculosis in the pre-elimination era.

A Rosser1, F M Marx2, M Pareek1

  • 1Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
|March 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Recurrent tuberculosis (TB) in low-burden countries often stems from endogenous reactivation, with risk factors including HIV and drug resistance. More research is needed to understand TB recurrence and its impact on elimination efforts.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Recurrent tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant challenge to global TB control efforts.
  • Understanding the causes and consequences of recurrent TB in low TB burden settings is crucial but currently limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize existing evidence on recurrent TB in low TB burden countries.
  • To identify knowledge gaps concerning recurrent TB in these settings.

Main Methods:

  • A literature review of peer-reviewed publications from countries with TB incidence <100 cases per 100,000 population.
  • Quality assessment of included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Main Results:

  • The review included 44 manuscripts (39 observational studies, 5 clinical trials).
  • Median recurrent TB rate was 3.4% after treatment completion, with a median follow-up of 7.8 years.
  • 81% of recurrences were attributed to endogenous reactivation, with HIV, low socioeconomic status, foreign birth, and drug-resistant TB as common risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Current understanding of TB recurrence in low-burden settings is hampered by methodological variations in studies.
  • Further research is essential to clarify mechanisms, health impacts, and implications for TB elimination in low-burden countries.