Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

65.8K
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
65.8K
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

697
Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
697
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

1.1K
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
1.1K
Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

3.0K
Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
3.0K
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

1.1K
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
1.1K
Primary Active Transport01:47

Primary Active Transport

201.0K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
201.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effect of RSV Vaccine in Older Adults with Atrial Fibrillation: A Prespecified Analysis of the DAN-RSV Trial.

European journal of preventive cardiology·2026
Same author

Novel Partial Loss-of-function STAT3-variant as Cause of Hyper-IgE-Syndrome in a Danish Family with Variable Expressivity.

Journal of clinical immunology·2026
Same author

Epidemiological and genomic features of chikungunya virus disease in travellers returning from Cuba, September 2025 to January 2026: a GeoSentinel analysis.

Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin·2026
Same author

Syphilis and the risk of stroke: a nationwide, population-based matched cohort study.

Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·2026
Same author

Positive predictive value of respiratory infection diagnoses in the Danish National Patient Registry: A post hoc validation analysis of the DANFLU-1 trial.

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·2026
Same author

Electronic Nudges to Increase Influenza Vaccination in Immunosuppressed Adults Across the Age Spectrum: A Pooled Analysis of Two Nationwide Randomized Trials.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Author Spotlight: Oral Candida Diagnosis to Advance Clinical Treatment Regimen for pSS Patients
05:26

Author Spotlight: Oral Candida Diagnosis to Advance Clinical Treatment Regimen for pSS Patients

Published on: March 1, 2024

2.1K

[Primary antibody deficiency syndromes].

Carsten Schade Larsen1, Terese L Katzenstein

  • 1carslars@rm.dk.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|March 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Primary antibody deficiency syndromes (PAD) involve reduced immunoglobulin production, leading to frequent infections. These conditions range from severe agammaglobulinaemias to common, often asymptomatic, IgA or IgG subclass deficiencies.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Primary antibody deficiency syndromes (PAD) are a category of primary immunodeficiencies (PID).
  • PAD is defined by impaired immunoglobulin production and susceptibility to recurrent respiratory infections.
  • PAD encompasses a spectrum from severe agammaglobulinaemias to milder conditions like selective IgA deficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of primary antibody deficiency syndromes.
  • To highlight the clinical significance and varied presentations of PAD.
  • To differentiate PAD from other causes of hypogammaglobulinaemia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of primary immunodeficiencies.
  • Analysis of clinical characteristics and diagnostic criteria for PAD.

More Related Videos

Establishment of A Mouse Model of Aqueous Deficiency Dry Eye
05:21

Establishment of A Mouse Model of Aqueous Deficiency Dry Eye

Published on: November 1, 2024

1.4K
Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome
08:31

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

14.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Author Spotlight: Oral Candida Diagnosis to Advance Clinical Treatment Regimen for pSS Patients
05:26

Author Spotlight: Oral Candida Diagnosis to Advance Clinical Treatment Regimen for pSS Patients

Published on: March 1, 2024

2.1K
Establishment of A Mouse Model of Aqueous Deficiency Dry Eye
05:21

Establishment of A Mouse Model of Aqueous Deficiency Dry Eye

Published on: November 1, 2024

1.4K
Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome
08:31

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

14.6K
  • Categorization of PAD based on immunoglobulin levels and clinical outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • PAD is characterized by reduced immunoglobulin levels and recurrent infections.
    • Common variable immunodeficiency represents the most clinically significant form of PAD.
    • Hypogammaglobulinaemia can also result from secondary causes like infections or malignancies.

    Conclusions:

    • PAD comprises a diverse group of disorders affecting immunoglobulin synthesis.
    • Early recognition and management are crucial for improving outcomes in patients with PAD.
    • Understanding the differential diagnosis of hypogammaglobulinaemia is essential for appropriate patient care.