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Published on: January 28, 2020
Neural cell adhesion molecule-1 may be a new biomarker of coronary artery disease
Peng Yu1, Ji Zhao1, Hong Jiang1
1Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, China.
Insights
New research identifies Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (NCAM-1) as a potential biomarker for coronary artery disease (CAD). Lower NCAM-1 levels are significantly associated with an increased risk of CAD, offering hope for earlier detection.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) often presents asymptomatically, leading to delayed treatment and severe health outcomes.
- The identification of novel biomarkers is crucial for early detection and management of CAD.
- Current diagnostic methods may not adequately identify all at-risk individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and validate novel protein biomarkers for the early detection of coronary artery disease (CAD).
- To investigate the potential of Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (NCAM-1) as a diagnostic marker for CAD.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 540 patients.
- Preliminary analysis using label-free mass spectrometry identified NCAM-1 in a small cohort.
- Validation of NCAM-1 levels in a larger cohort of CAD-positive and CAD-negative individuals.
Main Results:
- NCAM-1 was identified as a potential biomarker differentiating CAD patients from controls.
- CAD patients exhibited significantly lower plasma NCAM-1 levels compared to controls (p=0.0011).
- Decreased NCAM-1 levels were strongly associated with an increased risk of CAD in multivariable logistic regression analysis (aOR=0.728, p=0.001).
Conclusions:
- Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (NCAM-1) shows promise as a novel biomarker for coronary artery disease.
- Lower NCAM-1 levels are significantly associated with an increased risk of CAD.
- Further research is warranted to explore the clinical utility of NCAM-1 in CAD diagnosis and management.
Background:
Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are often asymptomatic and their condition can go largely untreated, resulting in severe outcomes. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new biomarkers of CAD.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 540 patients were recruited. We performed a preliminary study, which included nine CAD-positive and nine CAD-negative patients, wherein the biomarker NCAM-1 was identified using label-free mass spectrometry. We then validated the efficacy of NCAM-1 in 429 CAD-positive and 93 CAD-negative patients.
Results:
In the preliminary study, we found 204 different proteins in the two groups, of which seven were found in all samples; from these, we decided to explore the use of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)-1 as a biomarker for CAD. We found NCAM-1 levels to be 53.22ng/ml lower in CAD patients (161.76±105.50ng/ml) than in control samples (214.98±146.55ng/ml; p=0.0011). Spearman correlation analysis showed NCAM-1 was significantly correlated with Troponin T (cTnT), and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in CAD-positive patients, and with homocysteine in CAD-negative controls. Moreover, in multivariable logistic regression analysis, decreased plasma NCAM-1 was significantly associated with increased risk of CAD (multivariable-adjusted odds ratios: 0.728; 95% confidence interval, 0.599-0.884, p=0.001), adjusting for age, gender, current smoking status, cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, creatine, homocysteine, cTnT, and NT-proBNP.
Conclusions:
These findings suggested that NCAM-1 may be a potential biomarker of CAD.
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