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Prognostic Biomarkers in the Progression From MGUS to Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review

Charlotte Cosemans1, Bénedith Oben1, Ingrid Arijs1

  • 1Department of Experimental Hematology, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.

Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia
|March 7, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) can progress to multiple myeloma (MM). While clinical, imaging, and genomic factors are known, reliable biomarkers for individual risk prediction are still lacking.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) originates from a premalignant stage, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS).
  • MGUS patients face an annual 1% risk of progressing to MM.
  • Identifying progression risk factors is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review identified clinical, imaging, and genomic biomarkers associated with MGUS progression to MM.
  • To summarize differentially expressed markers between MGUS and MM patient cohorts.
  • To highlight the need for reliable predictive biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Identification and summarization of clinical, imaging, and genomic factors.
  • Analysis of biomarkers differentiating MGUS and MM.

Main Results:

  • Various clinical, imaging, and genomic factors have been linked to increased progression risk.
  • Despite identified factors, no single reliable biomarker can predict individual progression from MGUS to MM.
  • A significant gap exists in precise individual risk stratification.

Conclusions:

  • Current biomarkers are insufficient for predicting individual MGUS to MM progression.
  • Further research into biomarkers is essential for understanding MM pathogenesis.
  • Developing reliable biomarkers could enable closer monitoring and earlier treatment of high-risk patients.
Keywords:
Biological markerDisease progressionHematological malignancyPremalignant stageRisk factors

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