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Natural selection, a fundamental concept in evolutionary biology, is the mechanism by which evolution is driven, favoring organisms that are best adapted to their environments. This process enhances their chances of survival and reproduction. Adaptation, a key outcome of this process, involves genetic modifications that optimize an organism's functionality under specific environmental challenges, such as extreme cold or thinner air at high altitudes.
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The cytoskeleton is a complex dynamic structure performing varied functions based on cellular requirements. The adaptability of the individual filaments in the cytoskeleton determines their ability to perform various functions within the cell. It can undergo rapid reorganization during processes like cell division or remain stable for several hours as in the interphase. The adaptability of these filaments depends on stringent regulatory mechanisms. The microfilament and microtubules of the...
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A Schelling model with adaptive tolerance.

Linda Urselmans1, Steve Phelps2

  • 1University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom.

Plos One
|March 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Agents adapt their tolerance, leading to polarized groups and self-organized communities. This Schelling model explains social segregation and the 2016 political landscape.

Area of Science:

  • Computational Social Science
  • Agent-Based Modeling
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • The Schelling model explains segregation based on individual preferences.
  • Previous models lacked dynamic agent adaptation to local environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce adaptive tolerance into the Schelling model.
  • To investigate how environmental adaptation influences agent behavior and segregation.

Main Methods:

  • Agent-based modeling simulating individuals with behavioral rules.
  • Incorporation of adaptive tolerance based on local social environments.
  • Analysis of emergent patterns of tolerance polarization and community formation.

Main Results:

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  • Adaptive tolerance leads to a bimodal distribution of agent tolerance levels.
  • Agents self-organize into communities based on like-tolerance.
  • Results remain robust under parameter variations and dynamic migration scenarios.

    • Conclusions:

    • Adaptive tolerance is a key driver of social segregation.
    • The model offers a parsimonious explanation for observed social and political polarization.
    • Findings align with contemporary social psychology theories on environmental influence.