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Contralesional Brain Activity in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Ruud C Van Kaam1,2, Michel J A M van Putten1,3, Sarah E Vermeer2

  • 1Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Enschede, the Netherlands.

Cerebrovascular Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Conventional electroencephalography (EEG) reveals significant brain activity and connectivity changes in both hemispheres after stroke. These changes in the non-affected hemisphere may influence stroke recovery outcomes.

Keywords:
Cerebral infarctionContralateral hemisphereElectroencephalographyFunctional connectivityIschemic stroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • The role of the non-injured, contralateral hemisphere in acute ischemic stroke recovery is increasingly recognized.
  • Conventional electroencephalography (EEG) can potentially identify contralateral hemisphere involvement and its relation to functional recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of conventional EEG recordings in identifying contralateral hemisphere involvement post-stroke.
  • To assess the relationship between EEG-derived measures in both hemispheres and functional recovery at 3 months.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 2-minute EEG epochs from 21 electrodes in 18 acute ischemic stroke patients and 18 age-matched controls.
  • Assessment of ipsilateral and contralateral hemisphere activity using delta/alpha ratio (DAR).
  • Evaluation of functional connectivity using magnitude squared coherence (MSC) and weighted phase lag index (WPLI) in alpha and beta bands.

Main Results:

  • EEG demonstrated significantly higher DAR in both ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres of patients compared to controls (p < 0.001).
  • Patients exhibited lower MSC and WPLI in both hemispheres compared to controls (p < 0.05), indicating disturbed functional connectivity.
  • Lower contralateral MSC and WPLI were observed in the poor outcome group, though not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • Short conventional EEG recordings reveal substantial changes in brain activity and functional connectivity in both hemispheres following acute ischemic stroke.
  • Alterations in remote functional connectivity appear to correlate with functional recovery.
  • Further research is needed to determine the predictive value of EEG for individual patients and its interaction with plasticity-enhancing treatments.