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Systematic review and meta-analysis of global birth prevalence of clubfoot: a study protocol

Adnan Ansar1, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman1, Lorena Romero2

  • 1Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.

BMJ Open
|March 8, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This systematic review estimates the global birth prevalence of congenital clubfoot, a common birth defect that causes disability if untreated. Findings will inform public health strategies and interventions for this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Clubfoot is a prevalent congenital birth defect affecting approximately 1 in 1000 live births globally.
  • Untreated clubfoot leads to permanent disability, hindering educational, employment, and personal development.
  • Estimating global prevalence is crucial for understanding the condition's impact and planning interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the global birth prevalence of congenital clubfoot.
  • To synthesize existing data from observational studies to provide a comprehensive prevalence estimate.
  • To identify factors contributing to variations in clubfoot prevalence worldwide.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of multiple electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, etc.) was performed for observational studies from database inception to November 2017.
  • Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute and specific prevalence study tools.
  • Meta-analysis techniques, including forest plots, I-squared tests, subgroup analysis, meta-regression, funnel plots, and sensitivity analysis, were employed to pool and analyze data.

Main Results:

  • The systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized data from observational studies to estimate the global birth prevalence of congenital clubfoot.
  • Statistical methods were used to assess heterogeneity and identify potential sources of variation in prevalence rates.
  • The findings provide a pooled estimate of clubfoot prevalence, accounting for study quality and potential biases.

Conclusions:

  • This systematic review and meta-analysis provides a robust estimate of the global birth prevalence of congenital clubfoot.
  • Understanding the prevalence is vital for developing targeted public health strategies and improving clinical management.
  • The findings underscore the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to prevent long-term disability associated with clubfoot.
Abstract

Keywords:
clubfoot prevalencecongenital anomaly of footcongenital talipes equinovarusfoot deformityglobal

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