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Extending shelf life of dithiothreitol-treated panel RBCs to 28 days.

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Dithiothreitol (DTT) treatment stabilizes red blood cells (RBCs) for Daratumumab (DARA) interference. A commercial stabilizer extends the shelf life of DTT-treated panel RBCs to 28 days, enabling reliable alloantibody detection.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Blood banking and transfusion medicine
  • Immunohaematology
  • Clinical laboratory science

Background:

  • Daratumumab (DARA) interferes with indirect agglutination testing (IAT), causing non-specific results.
  • Dithiothreitol (DTT) treatment of panel red blood cells (RBCs) effectively eliminates DARA interference.
  • Extending the stability of DTT-treated panel RBCs is crucial for routine laboratory use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a commercial panel RBC stabilizer in extending the shelf life of DTT-treated RBCs.
  • To determine if stabilization preserves the integrity of DTT-treated RBC antigen profiles.
  • To assess the reliability of alloantibody detection in DARA-treated samples using stabilized, DTT-treated panel RBCs.

Main Methods:

  • Panel RBCs were treated with DTT and subsequently stabilized using a commercial product.
  • Serological antigen typing was performed on stabilized, DTT-treated RBCs.
  • Indirect agglutination testing (IAT) was conducted using DARA sera and DARA plasma spiked with alloantibodies, up to 28 days post-treatment and stabilization.

Main Results:

  • DTT treatment caused a loss of Fy-antigen expression on some panel RBCs.
  • The antigen profiles of stabilized, DTT-treated panel RBCs remained stable throughout the 28-day study period.
  • Alloantibodies present in DARA sera and DARA plasma were reliably detected using the stabilized, DTT-treated panel RBCs.

Conclusions:

  • A commercially available RBC stabilizer effectively extends the shelf life of DTT-treated panel RBCs to 28 days.
  • This stabilization method ensures the integrity of RBC antigen profiles after DTT treatment.
  • The extended stability allows for reliable detection of alloantibodies in the presence of Daratumumab, improving transfusion safety.