Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

20.3K
Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
20.3K
Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

50.5K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
50.5K
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

23.3K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
23.3K
Vapor Pressure02:34

Vapor Pressure

41.1K
When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules move randomly about, they will occasionally collide with the surface of the condensed phase, and in some cases, these collisions will result in the molecules re-entering the condensed phase. The change from the gas phase to the liquid is called condensation. When the rate of condensation becomes equal to the rate of vaporization, neither the amount of the liquid nor the amount of the vapor...
41.1K
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

60.2K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
60.2K
Transformers01:26

Transformers

1.9K
A device that transforms voltages from one value to another using induction is called a transformer. A transformer consists of two separate coils, or windings, wrapped around the same soft iron core. However, they are electrically insulated from each other.
The iron core has a substantial relative permeability. Therefore, the magnetic field lines generated due to the current in one winding are almost entirely confined within the core, such that the same magnetic flux permeates each turn of both...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unusual plastic strain-induced phase transformation phenomena in silicon.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Tensorial stress-plastic strain fields in α - ω Zr mixture, transformation kinetics, and friction in diamond-anvil cell.

Nature communications·2023
Same author

Resolving puzzles of the phase-transformation-based mechanism of the strong deep-focus earthquake.

Nature communications·2022
Same author

Highly reactive energetic films by pre-stressing nano-aluminum particles.

RSC advances·2022
Same author

Nontrivial nanostructure, stress relaxation mechanisms, and crystallography for pressure-induced Si-I → Si-II phase transformation.

Nature communications·2022
Same author

Stress-Measure Dependence of Phase Transformation Criterion under Finite Strains: Hierarchy of Crystal Lattice Instabilities for Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Transformations.

Physical review letters·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures
07:26

Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures

Published on: October 7, 2013

11.7K

High pressure phase transformations revisited.

Valery I Levitas1,2

  • 1Departments of Aerospace Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Material Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States of America.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|March 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High pressure phase transformations are poorly understood due to experimental discrepancies. This review highlights the need to differentiate hydrostatic, stress-induced, and strain-induced transformations for accurate material characterization and synthesis.

More Related Videos

High-pressure Sapphire Cell for Phase Equilibria Measurements of CO2/Organic/Water Systems
05:46

High-pressure Sapphire Cell for Phase Equilibria Measurements of CO2/Organic/Water Systems

Published on: January 24, 2014

14.0K
The Microscopic Transcanal Approach in Stapes Surgery Revisited
07:35

The Microscopic Transcanal Approach in Stapes Surgery Revisited

Published on: February 16, 2022

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures
07:26

Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures

Published on: October 7, 2013

11.7K
High-pressure Sapphire Cell for Phase Equilibria Measurements of CO2/Organic/Water Systems
05:46

High-pressure Sapphire Cell for Phase Equilibria Measurements of CO2/Organic/Water Systems

Published on: January 24, 2014

14.0K
The Microscopic Transcanal Approach in Stapes Surgery Revisited
07:35

The Microscopic Transcanal Approach in Stapes Surgery Revisited

Published on: February 16, 2022

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Geophysics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • High pressure phase transformations are crucial for materials discovery and geophysics.
  • Experimental results for phase transformation pressure and hysteresis show significant variability.
  • Current understanding lacks differentiation between hydrostatic, stress-induced, and strain-induced transformations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state and challenges in studying high pressure phase transformations.
  • To compare high pressure transformations with related fields like steels and shape memory alloys.
  • To propose methods for improving the characterization and understanding of these transformations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and critical comparison with other materials science fields.
  • Analysis of discrepancies in experimental data.
  • Identification of key challenges in current methodologies.

Main Results:

  • Discrepancies arise from a failure to distinguish between different types of pressure-induced transformations.
  • Key challenges include neglecting microstructure, underdeveloped continuum theory, and uncharacterized heterogeneous stress/strain fields.
  • Proposed advancements focus on incorporating plastic deformation, microstructure, stress/plastic strain tensors, multiscale theories, and coupled experimental-computational studies.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate characterization requires accounting for plastic deformation and microstructure evolution.
  • Phase transformation criteria and kinetics should be defined in terms of stress and plastic strain tensors.
  • Developing multiscale continuum theories and coupling experimental/computational approaches is essential for advancing the field.