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Polydatin inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and induces cell apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
1Department of Physical Examination, The Second Clinical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Abstract:
Polydatin, a small molecule from Polygonum cuspidatum, has many biological functions, particularly anti-cancer effects. However, the anti-cancer effects of polydatin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been examined yet. In the present study, MTT assay, BrdU assay, transwell invasion assay, and wound healing assay were performed to determine cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Flow cytometry and TUNEL assay were used to measure cell apoptosis. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting assays were used to determine mRNA and protein expression levels. Xenograft experiment was performed to determine the in vivo anti-tumor effect of polydatin. Immunostaining was performed to analyze the expression of caspase-3 and Ki-67. Our results showed that polydatin inhibited cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner in the HCC cell lines. Polydatin also induced cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner possibly via increasing the caspase-3 activity, and up-regulating the protein expression of caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, and down-regulating the protein expression of Bcl-2. In addition, polydatin treatment had an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, invasion and migration in HCC cell lines. Polydatin treatment also suppressed the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling activities in HCC cells. Polydatin treatment significantly reduced tumor growth in nude mice inoculated with HepG2 cells, suppressed the expression of Ki-67, and increased caspase-3 expression and TUNEL activity. Our data indicated the important role of polydatin for the suppression of HCC progression.
Insights
Polydatin effectively suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression by inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. This natural compound promotes apoptosis and reduces tumor growth in vivo, highlighting its potential as an anti-cancer therapeutic.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Pharmacology
- Oncology
Background:
- Polydatin, a natural compound from Polygonum cuspidatum, exhibits various biological activities.
- The anti-cancer effects of polydatin on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely uninvestigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anti-cancer effects of polydatin on HCC cell lines.
- To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of polydatin's action in HCC.
Main Methods:
- Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were assessed using MTT, BrdU, transwell invasion, and wound healing assays.
- Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay.
- Gene and protein expression (caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, Bcl-2, Ki-67) and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling were analyzed via qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunostaining.
- In vivo anti-tumor efficacy was evaluated in a xenograft mouse model.
Main Results:
- Polydatin inhibited HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
- Polydatin induced apoptosis by up-regulating pro-apoptotic proteins (caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax) and down-regulating anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2).
- Polydatin suppressed Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and demonstrated significant tumor growth inhibition in vivo, reducing Ki-67 expression and increasing caspase-3 and TUNEL activity.
Conclusions:
- Polydatin exhibits potent anti-cancer properties against HCC.
- Polydatin suppresses HCC progression through apoptosis induction and inhibition of proliferation, invasion, and migration.
- Polydatin represents a promising therapeutic candidate for HCC treatment.
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