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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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Atomic Mass01:52

Atomic Mass

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Atoms — and the protons, neutrons, and electrons that compose them — are extremely small. For example, a carbon atom weighs less than 2 × 10−23 g. When describing the properties of tiny objects such as atoms, we use appropriately small units of measure, such as the atomic mass unit (amu). The amu was originally defined based on hydrogen, the lightest element, then later in terms of oxygen. Since 1961, it has been defined with regard to the most abundant isotope of carbon, atoms of which...
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Molar Mass01:54

Molar Mass

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The identity of a substance is defined not only by the types of atoms or ions it contains but by the quantity of each type of atom or ion. For example, water, H2O, and hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, are alike in that their respective molecules are composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. However, because a hydrogen peroxide molecule contains two oxygen atoms, as opposed to the water molecule, which has only one, the two substances exhibit very different properties.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
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Tuberculosis mastitis presenting as bilateral breast masses.

Yujie Qiao1, Jessica H Hayward1, Ronald Balassanian1

  • 1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero Street, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.

Clinical Imaging
|March 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis mastitis can mimic breast cancer, delaying diagnosis. This case highlights how a thigh rash led to identifying tuberculosis mastitis, with rapid symptom resolution after treatment.

Keywords:
BreastBreast imagingMastitisTuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oncology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Tuberculosis mastitis presents diagnostic challenges, often mimicking breast cancer clinically and radiographically.
  • Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a common differential diagnosis for breast masses.

Observation:

  • A 49-year-old female presented with a breast mass initially diagnosed as idiopathic granulomatous mastitis.
  • The patient developed new breast masses and an ulcerating thigh rash with similar histology.
  • Symptoms persisted despite standard treatments for presumed idiopathic granulomatous mastitis.

Findings:

  • Histologic examination revealed granulomatous inflammation consistent with tuberculosis in both breast and skin lesions.
  • Diagnosis of tuberculosis mastitis was confirmed after further investigation.
  • Initiation of empiric anti-tuberculosis drug therapy led to rapid resolution of both breast and skin symptoms.

Implications:

  • Tuberculosis mastitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory breast masses, especially in endemic areas.
  • Concurrent skin lesions can provide crucial diagnostic clues for systemic tuberculosis.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate anti-tuberculosis therapy are essential for favorable outcomes.