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Related Experiment Videos

Implementing Parrondo's paradox with two-coin quantum walks.

Jishnu Rajendran1, Colin Benjamin1

  • 1School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India.

Royal Society Open Science
|March 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Parrondo's paradox, where two losing games yield a win, is now achievable with quantum walks. Using a two-coin initial state, researchers demonstrate genuine Parrondo's paradox in quantum systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Complex systems

Background:

  • Parrondo's paradox explains how combining losing strategies can lead to a winning outcome.
  • It is observed in various physical and biological systems.
  • Previous attempts to demonstrate Parrondo's paradox with quantum walks were limited by the number of steps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate Parrondo's paradox using quantum walks for an extended number of steps.
  • To identify the necessary conditions for observing a genuine Parrondo's paradox in quantum walks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a two-coin initial state (entangled or not) for quantum walks.
  • Analyzing the role of asymmetry in the initial state or shift operator.
  • Extending the analysis to a three-coin initial state.
Keywords:
Parrondo’s paradoxquantum gamesrandom walks

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Main Results:

  • A genuine Parrondo's paradox is observed with quantum walks using a two-coin initial state.
  • Asymmetry in the initial two-coin state or the shift operator is crucial for the paradox.
  • Similar results were obtained with a three-coin initial state.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum walks can exhibit Parrondo's paradox with appropriate initial conditions.
  • The findings provide a mechanism for observing quantum ratchet-like behavior.
  • This research opens new avenues for exploring paradoxical phenomena in quantum systems.