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Blister formation during graphite surface oxidation by Hummers' method.

Olga V Sinitsyna¹, Georgy B Meshkov², Anastasija V Grigorieva³

¹Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Polymers, A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova St. 28, Moscow 119991, Russia.

Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology

|March 9, 2018

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This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that oxidizing highly annealed pyrolythic graphite (HAPG) using Hummers' method preserves the sp²-lattice in ordered regions. Reagent diffusion likely occurs through graphite

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Surface Chemistry

Background:

Graphite oxide (GO) is a versatile material with a modifiable structure for diverse applications.
The choice of graphite precursor significantly influences GO synthesis and properties.
Highly annealed pyrolythic graphite (HAPG) offers well-ordered regions ideal for controlled surface modification.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the oxidation of HAPG's basal plane using Hummers' method.
To analyze the structural integrity of the graphite lattice after oxidation.
To understand the mechanism of reagent diffusion during the oxidation process.

Main Methods:

Oxidation of HAPG basal plane via Hummers' method.
Characterization using Raman spectroscopy.

Keywords:

atomic force microscopy (AFM)graphene graphite intercalation compounds (GICs)graphite oxide (GO)highly annealed pyrolythic graphite (HAPG)

Related Experiment Videos

Surface morphology analysis with atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Main Results:

Sulfuric acid intercalation and surface blistering were observed on HAPG.
The sp²-lattice within the ordered regions of HAPG remained intact after oxidation.
Evidence suggests reagent diffusion occurred through cleavage steps and dislocations.

Conclusions:

Hummers' method can be applied to HAPG, preserving the ordered sp²-lattice.
Graphite precursor structure plays a critical role in controlling oxidation outcomes.
Understanding diffusion pathways is key to tailoring graphite oxide properties for specific applications.