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[Epilepsy, cognition and ketogenic diet].
1Hospital Infantil Universitario Nino Jesus, 28009 Madrid, Espana.
Revista De Neurologia
|March 9, 2018
Summary
The ketogenic diet positively impacts behavior and cognition in children with refractory epilepsy. This dietary approach improves mood, attention, and social interaction without adverse cognitive effects.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Nutritional Science
- Pediatric Medicine
Background:
- Approximately 20-30% of epilepsy cases are medically refractory to standard antiepileptic drugs.
- Cognitive side effects of antiepileptic drugs can impair treatment adherence and outcomes.
- The ketogenic diet is an established, well-tolerated alternative for refractory epilepsy in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review experimental and clinical data on the ketogenic diet's neuroprotective and cognitive effects.
- To evaluate the ketogenic diet's impact on cognition and behavior in humans and animals.
Main Methods:
- Review of animal models (epileptic and non-epileptic) assessing neuroprotection and mood stabilization.
- Analysis of observational studies in pediatric refractory epilepsy focusing on behavioral and cognitive outcomes.
- Inclusion of a randomized controlled trial examining mood and cognitive activation during ketogenic diet treatment.
Main Results:
- Animal models suggest neuroprotective and mood-stabilizing effects of the ketogenic diet.
- Observational studies report improvements in behavior, attention, alertness, socialization, and sleep quality in pediatric epilepsy patients.
- A randomized controlled trial indicated mood and cognitive activation in pediatric refractory epilepsy patients on the ketogenic diet.
Conclusions:
- The ketogenic diet demonstrates a positive influence on behavioral and cognitive functions in pediatric refractory epilepsy.
- Specific improvements include enhanced mood, sustained attention, and better social interaction.
- The ketogenic diet offers a beneficial therapeutic option for refractory epilepsy, particularly concerning cognitive and behavioral aspects.
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