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Related Concept Videos

Fixation and Sectioning01:03

Fixation and Sectioning

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Two basic types of preparation are used to visualize specimens with a light microscope: wet mounts and fixed specimens.
The simplest type of preparation is the wet mount, in which the specimen is placed in a drop of liquid on the slide. A liquid specimen can be directly deposited on the slide using a dropper. Solid specimens, such as skin scraping, can be placed on the slide before adding a drop of liquid to prepare the wet mount. Sometimes the liquid is simply water, but stains are often added...
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Carbon-dioxide Fixation01:28

Carbon-dioxide Fixation

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Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
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Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis01:22

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

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Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
The first dimension separation uses the isoelectric focusing or IEF technique performed on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips that separate proteins according to their isoelectric points.
Biological samples, such...
7.6K
DNA Agarose Gel Electrophoresis02:35

DNA Agarose Gel Electrophoresis

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Agarose gel electrophoresis is a laboratory technique commonly used to separate DNA fragments by size. However, it can also be used to isolate and purify DNA fragments using a gel extraction protocol.
Gel extraction follows five major steps: running gel electrophoresis to separate fragments, isolating the individual bands, extracting DNA from those bands, and removing the dye and salts from the extracted mixture to obtain pure DNA.
In cloning experiments, both the insert and vector DNA...
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Silica Gel Column Chromatography: Overview01:10

Silica Gel Column Chromatography: Overview

3.7K
Silica gel column chromatography is a technique for separating compounds using a column packed with silica gel as the stationary phase. This method relies on differences in the polarity of compounds. Based on their polarities, compounds move between the stationary phase (silica gel) and the mobile phase (the solvent), forming discrete bands in the column.
Polar components tend to bind strongly to the silica gel, causing them to move slowly through the column. In contrast, nonpolar compounds...
3.7K
Protein-protein Interfaces02:04

Protein-protein Interfaces

14.8K
Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Staining Proteins in Gels
10:55

Staining Proteins in Gels

Published on: July 8, 2008

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Protein Detection in Gels Using Fixation.

Lynn A Beer1, David W Speicher1

  • 1Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Current Protocols in Protein Science
|March 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers common protein gel staining methods, including fixation-based dyes and commercial kits. It offers guidance for both laboratory-prepared and commercially available protein visualization techniques.

Keywords:
Coomassie stainsMS compatible stainsSDS gel stainsSYPRO Rubysilver stains

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Fluorescent Silver Staining of Proteins in Polyacrylamide Gels
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Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Staining Proteins in Gels
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Staining Proteins in Gels

Published on: July 8, 2008

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Horizontal Gel Electrophoresis for Enhanced Detection of Protein-RNA Complexes
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Horizontal Gel Electrophoresis for Enhanced Detection of Protein-RNA Complexes

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Fluorescent Silver Staining of Proteins in Polyacrylamide Gels
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Fluorescent Silver Staining of Proteins in Polyacrylamide Gels

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) is a standard technique for protein separation.
  • Protein visualization in gels commonly involves protein binding dyes after fixation.
  • There is a growing preference for commercial staining kits over laboratory-prepared solutions due to convenience and reproducibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review commonly used fixation-based stains for protein visualization in gels.
  • To provide manual formulations and protocols for researchers preferring traditional staining methods.
  • To discuss the advantages of commercial protein staining kits.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on protein gel staining techniques.
  • Description of fixation-based staining protocols.
  • Inclusion of manual formulations for protein stains.
  • Discussion of commercial protein staining kit protocols.

Main Results:

  • SDS-PAGE is a widely used method for protein separation.
  • Fixation and staining with protein binding dyes are standard visualization techniques.
  • Commercial kits offer convenience, time savings, and potentially greater reproducibility.
  • Manual formulations are provided for traditional staining preferences.

Conclusions:

  • Both commercial kits and manual formulations can yield satisfactory protein gel staining results.
  • Researchers can choose staining methods based on convenience, reproducibility, and preference.
  • Understanding various staining protocols is crucial for effective protein visualization in gels.