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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Scalar Product (Dot Product)01:11

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The scalar multiplication of two vectors is known as the scalar or dot product. As the name indicates, the scalar product of two vectors results in a number, that is, a scalar quantity. Scalar products are used to define work and energy relations. For example, the work that a force (a vector) performs on an object while causing its displacement (a vector) is defined as a scalar product of the force vector with the displacement vector.
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Vector Product (Cross Product)01:17

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Vector multiplication of two vectors yields a vector product, with the magnitude equal to the product of the individual vectors multiplied by the sine of the angle between both the vectors and the direction perpendicular to both the individual vectors. As there are always two directions perpendicular to a given plane, one on each side, the direction of the vector product is governed by the right-hand thumb rule.
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Production of Recombinant PRMT Proteins using the Baculovirus Expression Vector System
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Protein Production Using the Baculovirus Expression System.

Sarah L Irons1, Adam C Chambers1,2, Olga Lissina1,2

  • 1Department of Biological & Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Current Protocols in Protein Science
|March 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This guide details creating recombinant baculoviruses for high-quality protein production. It covers virus production, amplification, titration, and expression optimization for diverse applications.

Keywords:
BEVSBacMambaculovirusinsect cellsprotein production

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Baculovirus expression systems are standard for producing high-quality recombinant proteins.
  • Baculoviruses can transduce mammalian cells (BacMam), offering biomedical potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive guide on generating recombinant baculoviruses.
  • To detail the steps from virus production to initial expression analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Homologous recombination in insect cells for recombinant virus production.
  • Virus amplification and titration.
  • Small-scale test expression for quality and yield assessment.

Main Results:

  • Established protocols for recombinant baculovirus production.
  • Methods for optimizing expression of challenging proteins.
  • Scale-up strategies using shake cultures and Wave bioreactors.

Conclusions:

  • The chapter provides essential steps for recombinant baculovirus production and protein expression.
  • It highlights BacMam technology's potential in biomedical fields.
  • Optimization strategies are crucial for challenging protein targets.