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Related Concept Videos

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview

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The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
The first step is the preparation period, during which nucleus A is excited with a radiofrequency pulse....
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2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

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Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
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2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

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Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other...
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2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)01:06

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Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy, or COSY, is a 2-dimensional NMR technique that provides information about coupled protons. Typically, the geminal and vicinal coupling are observed. For example, consider the COSY spectrum of ethyl acetate, where its 1D proton NMR spectrum is plotted along the vertical and horizontal axes with their corresponding chemical shift scale. Three spots on the diagonal corresponding to the three peaks in the 1D proton spectrum are called diagonal peaks. The COSY...
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2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

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Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
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Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)01:08

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI is an ionization technique, widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix...
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2D Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites Microring Laser Array.

Haihua Zhang1,2, Qing Liao3, Yishi Wu1

  • 1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|March 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs) demonstrate significant light-amplification potential. Ultrafast energy transfer enables room-temperature lasing in 2D RPPs, outperforming 3D counterparts for advanced photonic devices.

Keywords:
2D perovskitesamplified spontaneous emissionsenergy cascadelaser arraymultiple quantum well

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • 3D organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites show high gain coefficients via stimulated emission.
  • 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs) exhibit strong exciton binding but light-amplification applications are underexplored.
  • Existing RPP research focuses on solar cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the light-amplification capabilities of 2D RPPs.
  • To demonstrate room-temperature amplified spontaneous emission and lasing in 2D RPPs.
  • To explore the potential of 2D RPPs for on-chip nanophotonic integration.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of high-density, large-area microring arrays of 2D RPPs.
  • Utilizing ultrafast energy transfer within cascade quantum well (QW) structures.
  • Characterization of gain coefficients, quality factor (Q), and lasing thresholds.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated room-temperature amplified spontaneous emission and lasing in 2D RPPs.
  • Achieved gain coefficients at least four times greater than 3D perovskites.
  • Fabricated whispering-gallery-mode lasers with high Q (≈2600) and low thresholds, ignitable as arrays.

Conclusions:

  • 2D RPPs are promising solution-processed gain materials for light amplification.
  • The findings pave the way for electrically driven lasers and on-chip nanophotonics.
  • Ultrafast energy transfer in 2D RPPs is key to achieving population inversion and lasing.