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Related Concept Videos

Peptide Bonds02:43

Peptide Bonds

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A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
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Rigid Body Equilibrium Problems - I00:49

Rigid Body Equilibrium Problems - I

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A rigid body is said to be in static equilibrium when the net force and the net torque acting on the system is equal to zero. To solve for rigid body equilibrium problems, do the following steps.
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Rigid Body Equilibrium Problems - II01:21

Rigid Body Equilibrium Problems - II

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A rigid body is in static equilibrium when the net force and the net torque acting on the system are equal to zero.
Consider two children sitting on a seesaw, which has negligible mass. The first child has a mass (m1) of 26 kg and sits at point A, which is 1.6 meters (r1) from the pivot point B; the second child has a mass (m2) of 32 kg and sits at point C. How far from the pivot point B should the second child sit (r2) to balance the seesaw?
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Angular Momentum: Rigid Body01:11

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The total angular momentum of a rigid body can be calculated using the summation of the angular momentum of all the tiny particles rotating in the same plane. Considering all the tiny particles rotating in the x-y plane, the direction of angular momentum of all such particles and that of the rigid body would be perpendicular to the plane of the rotation along the z-axis.
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Virtual Work for a System of Connected Rigid Bodies01:06

Virtual Work for a System of Connected Rigid Bodies

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Virtual work is a powerful method used to solve problems involving several connected rigid bodies. When the system is in equilibrium, virtual work is zero. This allows the calculation of the resulting forces when a system undergoes a virtual displacement. When attempting to analyze such a system, first, use a free-body diagram, where an independent coordinate represents the configuration of the links, and mark its deflected position resulting from the positive virtual displacement.
Next,...
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Kinetic Energy for a Rigid Body01:13

Kinetic Energy for a Rigid Body

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Imagine a solid object involved in a general planar movement, with its center of mass pinpointed at a spot labeled G. The object's kinetic energy relative to an arbitrary point A can be quantified for each of its particles - the ith particle in this case. This measurement is achieved through the employment of the relative velocity definition. The position vector, known as rA, extends from point A to the mass element i.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Polyethylene glycol and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation
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Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Polyethylene glycol and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation

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Rigid Peptide Macrocycles from On-Resin Glaser Stapling.

Philip A Cistrone1, Anthony P Silvestri1, Jordi C J Hintzen1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.

Chembiochem : a European Journal of Chemical Biology
|March 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a simple on-resin method for creating peptide macrocycles. The technique efficiently synthesizes stapled alpha-helical peptides, useful for developing high-affinity ligands.

Keywords:
Glaserchemoselectivitycopper acetylidemacrocyclizationpeptide stapling

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Area of Science:

  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Peptide macrocycles are crucial for developing high-affinity ligands, particularly stapled alpha-helices.
  • A 1,3-diynyl linkage offers optimal distance for stabilizing alpha-helical structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient on-resin strategy for synthesizing peptide macrocycles.
  • To explore the utility of a 1,3-diynyl linkage in stabilizing alpha-helical peptides.

Main Methods:

  • An on-resin intramolecular Glaser reaction was employed using copper chloride, a bpy-diol ligand, and diisopropylethylamine.
  • The synthesis involved alkyne-terminated side chains and the unnatural amino acid propargyl serine.

Main Results:

  • The method successfully synthesized (i,i+4)-, (i,i+5)-, (i,i+6)-, and (i,i+7)-stapled BCL-9 alpha-helical peptides.
  • This resulted in the formation of 23-, 26-, 29-, and 32-membered peptide macrocycles.

Conclusions:

  • A straightforward and cost-effective on-resin method for peptide macrocycle synthesis was established.
  • This approach facilitates the development of novel stapled alpha-helical peptides for ligand applications.