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Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Export01:42

Nuclear Export

5.0K
The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
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Classifying Matter by State02:49

Classifying Matter by State

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Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air, water, soil, mountains, even our bodies are all examples of matter. Matter is divided into three states — solid, liquid, and gas — that are commonly found on earth. The fourth state of matter, plasma, occurs naturally in the interiors of stars. 
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Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes02:19

Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes

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A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred...
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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Classifying Matter by Composition03:35

Classifying Matter by Composition

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Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures. 
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated. 
A mixture is composed of two or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Electrostatic Method to Remove Particulate Organic Matter from Soil
04:40

Electrostatic Method to Remove Particulate Organic Matter from Soil

Published on: February 10, 2021

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Do continental shelves export organic matter?

G T Rowe, S Smith, P Falkowski

    Nature
    |March 9, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Coastal marine ecosystems do not export 90% of phytoplankton. Most organic carbon is consumed on the continental shelf, not sequestered offshore, challenging previous export hypotheses.

    Area of Science:

    • Marine ecology
    • Biogeochemical cycles
    • Oceanography

    Background:

    • Coastal marine ecosystems may have unbalanced organic matter production and consumption.
    • A hypothesis suggested 90% of spring phytoplankton bloom is exported, sequestering carbon on the continental slope.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To test the hypothesis of significant organic carbon export from continental shelves.
    • To investigate the balance of organic matter production and consumption in coastal marine environments.

    Main Methods:

    • Summarizing findings from the Shelf-Edge Exchange Processes (SEEP) experiment.
    • Analyzing organic carbon budgets, sediment deposition, and biomass on the continental slope.

    Main Results:

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  • The Shelf-Edge Exchange Processes (SEEP) experiment found no positive imbalance in the organic carbon budget.
  • Sediment deposition and biomass on the continental slope were modest, not supporting large-scale export.
  • A small fraction of continental shelf phytodetritus is exported; most is consumed on the shelf.

    • Conclusions:

    • The hypothesis of 90% phytoplankton export is rejected.
    • Pelagic microbial consumption and seasonal production-consumption lags are crucial factors in organic carbon cycling.
    • Organic matter is primarily consumed within the continental shelf ecosystem.