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Self-objectification and disordered eating: A meta-analysis.

Lauren M Schaefer1, J Kevin Thompson2

  • 1Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, 120 Eighth Street South, Fargo, North Dakota, 58103.

The International Journal of Eating Disorders
|March 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Self-objectification is linked to disordered eating, according to a meta-analysis of 53 studies. This relationship, particularly for women, suggests self-objectification is a key factor in eating disorder development and prevention.

Keywords:
body surveillancedisordered eatingmeta-analysisobjectificationreviewsociocultural

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Eating Disorder Research

Background:

  • Objectification theory suggests a link between self-objectification and increased risk for disordered eating.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for developing effective interventions for eating disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically examine the relationship between self-objectification and disordered eating using meta-analytic techniques.
  • To identify potential moderators influencing this relationship, such as gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis was conducted on data from 53 cross-sectional studies, yielding 73 effect sizes.
  • Statistical analyses were performed to determine the overall effect size and to test for moderation effects.

Main Results:

  • A significant moderate positive overall effect (r = .39) was found between self-objectification and disordered eating.
  • Moderators included gender (larger effects in females), ethnicity (smaller effects in African American samples), sexual orientation (smaller effects in heterosexual men), and measurement tools (larger effects with the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale).
  • Age, BMI, country of origin, disordered eating measurement, sample type, and publication type were not significant moderators.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support objectification theory's tenets regarding self-objectification and disordered eating.
  • Self-objectification may be a significant target for eating disorder interventions, although further research is needed to establish causality.
  • Gaps in the literature, particularly concerning underrepresented groups (males, ethnic and sexual minorities), require future research attention.