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Control of Bovine Viral Diarrhea
1Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 17, D-30559 Hannover, Germany. Volker.Moennig@tiho-hannover.de.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 9, 2018
Summary
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) control is achievable through systematic strategies like removing persistently infected (PI) animals and enhancing biosecurity. Successful programs worldwide demonstrate effective BVD management without mandatory vaccination.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Animal Health Economics
Background:
- Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a significant cattle disease causing substantial economic losses.
- Persistently infected (PI) animals act as reservoirs, facilitating widespread BVD virus (BVDV) transmission.
- BVDV's elusive nature and prolonged infections complicate eradication efforts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evolution and key components of successful BVD control programs.
- To highlight the role of systematically removing PI animals and implementing biosecurity measures.
- To assess the economic impact and varying vaccination strategies in BVD control.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of historical BVD control program data and outcomes.
- Review of scientific literature on BVD epidemiology and control strategies.
- Comparative assessment of vaccination versus non-vaccination approaches in different countries.
Main Results:
- Systematic control, PI animal removal, movement restrictions, biosecurity, and surveillance are crucial for BVD eradication.
- Countries like those in Scandinavia, Austria, and Switzerland achieved BVD control without vaccination.
- Vaccination is an optional adjunct tool used in some BVD control programs (e.g., Germany, Belgium, Ireland, Scotland).
Conclusions:
- Effective BVD control is feasible through integrated strategies focusing on PI animal identification and removal.
- Biosecurity and surveillance are fundamental pillars of successful BVDV eradication programs.
- Economic benefits of BVD control programs have been documented, supporting their implementation.
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