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Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
Published on: July 19, 2019
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Inflammatory intrathecal profiles and cortical damage in multiple sclerosis.
Roberta Magliozzi1,2, Owain W Howell3, Richard Nicholas2
1Neurology B, Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Annals of Neurology
|March 9, 2018
Summary
Early signs of aggressive multiple sclerosis (MS) involve meningeal inflammation and gray matter (GM) damage. Analyzing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and MRI can identify these markers at diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Neuropathology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Gray matter (GM) damage and meningeal inflammation are linked to early and aggressive multiple sclerosis (MS).
- Identifying these changes early is crucial for understanding disease progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To find biomarkers connecting meningeal inflammation, GM damage, and MS severity.
- To determine if these changes are detectable early in the disease course.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed gene and protein expression in meninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from postmortem MS cases and controls.
- Performed cytokine/chemokine CSF profiling and 3T MRI on MS patients at diagnosis and non-MS controls.
Main Results:
- Elevated proinflammatory cytokines and B-cell activity molecules found in meninges and CSF of postmortem MS cases with inflammation and GM demyelination.
- Similar inflammatory patterns and elevated BAFF, APRIL, LIGHT, TWEAK, sTNFR1, sCD163, MMP2, and pentraxin III detected in CSF of MS patients with GM damage at diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- Intrathecal inflammatory profiles correlate with cortical pathology at diagnosis and death.
- CSF analysis combined with MRI may serve as prognostic markers for aggressive MS.
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