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Related Concept Videos

Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

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Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
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Proteins are dynamic macromolecules that carry out a wide variety of essential processes; however, the activities of most proteins depend on their interactions with other molecules or ions, known as ligands.
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Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Development of a More Sensitive and Specific Chromogenic Agar Medium for the Detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Other Vibrio Species
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Sensitive and specific detection of ligands using engineered riboswitches.

Daniel P Morse1, Colin E Nevins1, Joana Aggrey-Fynn2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA.

Journal of Biotechnology
|March 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel RNA sensors to detect specific molecules like guanine, 2'-deoxyguanosine, and cyclic diguanylate (c-diGMP) with high sensitivity. This work demonstrates a new strategy for creating custom molecular sensors for various applications.

Keywords:
BiosensorIn vitroRiboswitchSelectionSensitivitySpecificity

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Riboswitches are RNA molecules regulating gene expression via ligand binding.
  • They offer high specificity and affinity, making them suitable for biosensor development.
  • Purine synthesis in bacteria is often controlled by guanine riboswitches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer riboswitches into sensitive in vitro sensors for specific molecules.
  • To develop a platform for creating novel RNA sensors with tailored ligand specificities.

Main Methods:

  • Modified the xpt-pbuX guanine riboswitch for a fluorescence quenching assay.
  • Created hybrid sensors by combining riboswitch components.
  • Developed a strategy for in vitro selection of new RNA sensors.

Main Results:

  • Successfully detected as little as 5 nM guanine in vitro.
  • Developed hybrid sensors detecting 15 nM 2 -deoxyguanosine and 3 nM cyclic diguanylate (c-diGMP).
  • Demonstrated proof-of-principle for selecting sensors with novel ligand specificities.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered riboswitches serve as highly sensitive and specific molecular sensors.
  • The developed strategy enables the creation of custom RNA sensors for diverse analytes.
  • This approach has potential for various diagnostic and research applications.