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Axillary lymph node metastases from unknown primary: A French multicentre study.

Lobna Ouldamer1, Marie Cayrol2, Mathilde Vital3

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Summary

This study on cancers of unknown primary in the axilla (CUPax) found a 71% survival rate. Non-specific adenocarcinoma histology and absence of distant metastases were favorable prognostic factors for CUPax.

Keywords:
Breast cancerCancer of unknown primaryLymph nodesMetastasesPrognosis

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Medical Research
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Cancers of unknown primary in the axilla (CUPax) present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
  • Accurate identification of the primary tumor is crucial for effective treatment and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the management and prognosis of axillary cancers from unknown primaries (CUPax).
  • To identify factors influencing survival in patients with CUPax.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patients with axillary nodal metastases from an unknown primary.
  • Inclusion criteria: no clinical or imaging evidence of primary breast cancer or other primary tumor.
  • Data collected from four French tertiary breast cancer centers between 1988 and 2012.

Main Results:

  • CUPax constituted 1.8% of metastatic axillary lymphadenopathies.
  • Overall survival rate was 71%.
  • Favorable prognostic factors included non-specific adenocarcinoma histology, single lymph node involvement, normal CA153 levels, absence of initial distant metastases, and radiotherapy. Non-specific adenocarcinoma histology and absence of distant metastases were independent factors affecting survival.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides insights into the management and prognosis of CUPax.
  • Findings can inform current investigations and treatment strategies for this rare entity.