Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
Published on: September 14, 2017
Umbilical cord blood PBDEs concentrations in relation to placental size at birth
Yan Zhao1, Qi Song2, Zhijuan Cao1
1Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Abstract:
Previous studies have linked prenatal polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) exposure to adverse birth outcomes. Reductions in placental size might mediate those adverse effects. We examined whether umbilical cord blood PBDEs concentrations were associated with placental size at birth. A total of 121 mother-newborn pairs residing in Wenzhou were enrolled in this study. Concentrations of 19 PBDEs in umbilical cord blood were determined by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Placental length, breadth and surface area was measured by medical professionals after delivery. BDE-206, 207, 208, 209 and the total of 19 PBDE congeners concentrations were negatively associated with placental length, breadth and surface area. Our results suggest that prenatal PBDEs exposure may suppress placental growth, resulting in reduced placental size.
Related Concept Videos
Birth Control Methods
Gonadal and Placental Hormones
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair...
Solution Concentration and Dilution
Concentration Cells
Consider the following voltaic cell:
Expressing Solution Concentration
Concentrations may be quantitatively assessed using a wide variety of measurement units, each convenient for particular applications. Molarity (M) is a useful concentration unit for many applications in chemistry.
Relative Risk

