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Smodingium dermatitis.

T Heyl, C P Gorst-Allman, M J Wells

    South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde
    |April 4, 1987
    PubMed
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    Smodingium argutum causes allergic contact dermatitis in South Africa. Researchers identified its allergenic compound and confirmed its clinical allergenicity via patch testing, finding fresh leaf extract effective but freeze-dried material unsuitable.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Allergology
    • Plant Chemistry

    Background:

    • Smodingium argutum is a common cause of acute allergic contact dermatitis in South Africa.
    • An outbreak in a school prompted investigation into the plant's allergenic properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and identify the allergenic principle in Smodingium argutum.
    • To confirm the allergenicity of the isolated compound through clinical patch testing.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of different plant material preparations for diagnostic use.

    Main Methods:

    • Chemical isolation and identification of the allergenic compound from Smodingium argutum.
    • Clinical patch testing with the isolated compound and plant extracts.
    • Comparison of fresh leaf extract versus freeze-dried material for patch testing.

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    Main Results:

    • The allergenic principle responsible for Smodingium dermatitis was successfully isolated and identified.
    • Patch testing confirmed the clinical allergenicity of the isolated compound.
    • Fresh Smodingium leaf extract was effective for patch testing, whereas freeze-dried material was not.

    Conclusions:

    • The specific allergenic compound in Smodingium argutum has been identified and its role in allergic contact dermatitis confirmed.
    • Fresh leaf extract is a viable option for diagnostic patch testing in suspected cases of Smodingium dermatitis.
    • Freeze-dried Smodingium material is not suitable for diagnostic patch testing.