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Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
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A collapsed-cone based transit EPID dosimetry method.

Jaime Martínez Ortega1, María Pinto Monedero1, Nuria Gómez González1

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This study developed a transit-dose portal dosimetry method using a collapsed-cone algorithm. The method showed good accuracy, with gamma index pass rates exceeding 85% for clinical verification.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Dosimetry

Background:

  • Transit-dose measurements are crucial for verifying radiation therapy accuracy.
  • Portal dosimetry offers a method for in-vivo dose verification during treatment.
  • Developing accurate and efficient portal dosimetry methods is an ongoing challenge in radiation oncology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a transit-dose portal dosimetry method.
  • To utilize a commercial collapsed-cone algorithm for dose calculations.
  • To assess the accuracy of the developed method using phantom studies.

Main Methods:

  • A Varian linear accelerator with an amorphous-silicon electronic portal imaging device (EPID) was used.
  • Dose calculations were performed using the Pinnacle3 collapsed-cone algorithm, with a model validated for 6 MV energy.
  • Transit dosimetry was verified using an anthropomorphic phantom and comparing dose distributions with the gamma index.

Main Results:

  • Dose differences at the central point were within 2%, with exceptions for large field sizes in specific phantom locations.
  • Mean gamma index pass rates were 85.62% (3%, 3mm), 91.73% (4%, 3mm), and 95.68% (5%, 3mm).
  • The developed model assumes infinite phantom dimensions except for thickness.

Conclusions:

  • A gamma index threshold of 95% (5%, 3mm) can be used to identify discrepancies requiring investigation.
  • The proposed transit-dose portal dosimetry method is a complementary tool, not a replacement for pre-treatment dosimetry.
  • The method demonstrates potential for improving quality assurance in radiation therapy.