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Co-occurrence Among Intraguild Predators: Avoidance or Aggregation?

Kristina K Prescott1, David A Andow2

  • 1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.

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|March 10, 2018
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Intraguild predators, like coccinellids, often co-occur randomly in crops, suggesting avoidance doesn't limit their interactions. This makes intraguild predation (IGP) likely, impacting predator community structure.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Predator-prey dynamics
  • Community ecology

Background:

  • Intraguild predation (IGP) is a key factor structuring predator communities.
  • Predator avoidance behaviors can minimize or negate the effects of IGP on community structure.
  • Shared resources, like aphids in crops, can bring intraguild predators into close proximity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether co-occurrence among intraguild predators is limited.
  • To determine if aphidophagous coccinellid predators avoid co-occurrence in maize and soybean fields.
  • To assess the likelihood of intraguild predation based on predator co-occurrence patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Estimating predator co-occurrence through visual counts of predators and prey on plants.
  • Utilizing maximum likelihood analysis to compare observed co-occurrence with expected patterns.
  • Analyzing co-occurrence data from experimental crop plots and published data on tansy.

Main Results:

  • Most pairwise co-occurrence among intraguild predators was found to be random.
  • Observed co-occurrence did not significantly deviate from random expectations in most cases.
  • Findings suggest that predator avoidance does not significantly limit co-occurrence.

Conclusions:

  • Random co-occurrence implies that intraguild predation is likely to occur.
  • Ineffective avoidance mechanisms or a balance between resource aggregation and predator avoidance may explain the findings.
  • The study highlights the potential for significant intraguild predation in agricultural and natural systems.