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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Personal Identity01:25

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Personal identity is the deeply felt sense of self that individuals cultivate over time, intricately woven from intrinsic qualities they consider essential to their existence—qualities such as morality, intelligence, and friendliness. These attributes serve as vital internal benchmarks, guiding individuals in evaluating whether their actions resonate with their true selves.When personal identity takes center stage in one's life, individuals often emphasize their distinctiveness,...
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Psychodynamic Perspectives on Personality01:27

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The psychodynamic perspective in psychology asserts that most personality functions operate unconsciously, outside of awareness. This means that the motives and emotions driving behavior often remain hidden, automatically buried in the unconscious mind as a defense mechanism to shield us from psychological distress. According to this theory, the unconscious mind contains thoughts, memories, and emotions that are too disturbing to face directly.
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Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

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Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
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A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types
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Society and personal genome data.

Anna Middleton1,2

  • 1Society and Ethics Research Group, Connecting Science, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.

Human Molecular Genetics
|March 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genomic medicine relies on large, diverse DNA databases for accurate genetic variant interpretation. Global cooperation and public support are essential for accessing and sharing this genomic data to advance health and disease understanding.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Genomic data is crucial for understanding genetic variation's role in health and disease.
  • Accurate interpretation of genetic variants is fundamental to genomic medicine's potential.
  • Access to large and diverse genomic databases is a prerequisite for effective variant interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the human factors influencing access to genomic big data.
  • To highlight the societal tipping point regarding DNA data sharing.
  • To explore the necessity of global cooperation and public engagement in genomics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current perspectives on genomic data access.
  • Discussion of the requirements for aggregating and analyzing large-scale genomic datasets.
  • Exploration of ethical and societal considerations for DNA data sharing.

Main Results:

  • International collaboration and supercomputing power are vital for correlating genotype and phenotype.
  • Public support and engagement are paramount for the donation, access, and sharing of DNA data.
  • Logistical systems for data aggregation are feasible, but human acceptance is the key determinant.

Conclusions:

  • Global cooperation is essential to unlock the full potential of genomic medicine.
  • Societal consensus and protective frameworks are needed to facilitate widespread DNA data sharing.
  • The future of genomic discovery hinges on collective decisions about data access and utilization.