NSCLC molecular testing in Central and Eastern European countries.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Diagnostics
• Public Health

Background:

• Targeted therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) necessitate accurate molecular diagnosis.
• Data on mutation rates, testing rates, and guideline adherence for NSCLC molecular testing in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) are scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the status of molecular testing for NSCLC in Central and Eastern Europe.
• To evaluate mutation and testing rates, and adherence to guidelines for EGFR and ALK in the CEE region.

Main Methods:

• A questionnaire was distributed to specialists across nine CEE countries regarding NSCLC molecular testing and management.
• Pathologists provided 1-year data on EGFR and ALK testing results.

Main Results:

• Molecular testing for NSCLC is established in all evaluated CEE countries, with high histological/cytological confirmation rates.
• Most centers followed guidelines for EGFR and ALK testing, primarily on clinician request rather than reflex basis.
• Immunohistochemistry with FISH confirmation was common for ALK testing; limited reimbursement was a significant barrier.

Conclusions:

• Molecular testing for NSCLC is implemented in the CEE region, yet inadequate reimbursement remains a key obstacle.
• Enhancing multidisciplinary tumor board involvement beyond specialized centers and improving access to targeted therapies are critical future challenges.