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Targeting the link between loneliness and paranoia via an interventionist-causal model framework
Anton Gollwitzer1, Magdalena Wilczynska2, Edo S Jaya3
1Department of Psychology, Yale University, 2 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Psychiatry Research
|March 11, 2018
Summary
Loneliness can increase subclinical paranoia, with negative emotions acting as a mediator. Interventions targeting loneliness or negative affect may reduce paranoia, particularly through emotion-regulation strategies like cognitive reappraisal.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- Paranoia, particularly subclinical forms, can be targeted by addressing its antecedents.
- Loneliness is a potential antecedent of paranoia.
- Negative affect may mediate the relationship between loneliness and paranoia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if loneliness heightens subclinical paranoia and if negative affect mediates this effect.
- To explore interventionist pathways for reducing paranoia by targeting loneliness and negative affect.
Main Methods:
- Study 1 (N=222): Assessed the effect of recollecting companionship versus loneliness on paranoia, with negative affect as a potential mediator.
- Study 2 (N=196): Examined the efficacy of cognitive reappraisal in regulating negative affect associated with loneliness to mitigate paranoia.
Main Results:
- Recollecting companionship reduced paranoia in highly paranoid individuals.
- Recollecting loneliness increased paranoia, mediated by negative affect.
- Cognitive reappraisal successfully attenuated the link between loneliness and paranoia.
Conclusions:
- Loneliness is a significant factor in subclinical paranoia, mediated by negative affect.
- Interventionist strategies targeting loneliness and negative affect, such as emotion regulation, show promise for reducing paranoia.
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