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The therapeutic index of a drug is a key parameter in pharmacology that quantifies the relative safety of a drug by calculating the ratio between the dose that causes toxicity in half the population (50%) to the dose that proves to be effective for half the population (50%). It provides a spectrum of doses for a particular drug ranging from effective to potentially toxic. To illustrate, consider an anticoagulant agent like warfarin. It possesses a narrow window within its therapeutic index to...
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Topography hierarchy of biocompatible polyhydroxyalkanoate film.

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Development of New Therapeutic Applications Using Microfluidics
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Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) for therapeutic applications.

Junyu Zhang1, Ekaterina I Shishatskaya2, Tatiana G Volova3

  • 1Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.

Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications
|March 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable polyesters with promising properties for medical implants. Studies show PHA and their byproducts are non-toxic and non-carcinogenic, supporting their development into bio-implant products.

Keywords:
BiomedicineDrug deliveryImplantsPHATherapeuticsTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are bacterial biopolyesters used for carbon and energy storage.
  • PHA have been extensively researched for medical implant applications over the past 30 years.
  • PHA exhibit favorable mechanical, biodegradable, and tissue-compatible properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and potential of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) as biomaterials for medical implants.
  • To review the biocompatibility and biodegradation profiles of PHA and their constituent products.
  • To assess the risk of carcinogenesis associated with PHA and their degradation products.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on PHA synthesis, properties, and applications.
  • Analysis of research on the biocompatibility and tissue interactions of PHA.
  • Examination of toxicological and biodegradation data for PHA and their oligomers/monomers.

Main Results:

  • PHA possess diverse and advantageous mechanical, biodegradable, and tissue-compatible characteristics.
  • Biodegradation products of PHA, including oligomers and monomers, demonstrate no toxicity to cells and tissues.
  • No reported evidence of carcinogenesis induced by PHA or their degradation products.
  • Pharmaceutical applications of PHA degradation products have been documented.

Conclusions:

  • PHA are safe and effective materials for developing various bio-implant products.
  • The non-toxic and non-carcinogenic nature of PHA supports their clinical translation.
  • Further development of PHA-based medical implants is warranted based on their favorable profile.